• Preface
• What Is Double Entry Book-Keepin
• Opening The Books Of Account
• The Day Books
• The Purchase Day Book
• The Purchase Returns Day Book
• The Sales Day Book
• The Sales Returns Day Book
• The Cash Book
• The Cash Book: Money Paid In
• The Cash Book: Money Paid Out
• Disagreeing With The Bank
• The Bank Reconciliation
• How To Prepare A Bank Reconcilat
• The Petty Cash Book
• How To Write Up The Petty Cash B
• The Journal
• How To Write Up The Journal
• The Postage Book
• The Ledger
• Posting To The Ledger From The D
• Posting To The Ledger From The C
• Balancing The Ledger.
• Discounts
• Control Accounts
• Preparing Control Accounts Step
• The Trial Balance
• How To Extract A Trial Balance
• The Trial Balance: Errors
• Accruals And Prepayments
• Revenue Accounts
• Stock In The Final Accounts
• How To Compile Revenue Accounts
• Compiling Revenue Accounts Step
• The Balance Sheet
• Compiling A Balance Sheet Step B
• Manufacturing Accounts
• Compiling A Manufacturing Accoun
• Depreciation: The Straight Line
• Depreciation: The Diminishing Ba
• Other Methods Of Depreciation
• Depreciation Step By Step
• Accounting For Bad And Doubtful
• Accounting For Bad And Doubtful
• Partnership Accounts
• Partnerships: Appropriation Acco
• Partnership Accounts Step By Ste
• Amalgamating Sole Proprietorship
• How To Consolidate Two Balance S
• Limited Companies
• Limited Companies’ Books And A
• Format Of Company Accounts
• Revenue Accounts Of Limited Comp
• Balance Sheets Of Limited Compan
• Going Limited
• Going Limited: Worked Example
• Club Accounts
• Club Accounts: Income And Expend
• Club Accounts Step By Step
• The Club Balance Sheet Step By S
• Club Accounts: Adjustments And S
• Fixed Asset Register
• Asset Disposals
• Asset Disposals Step By Step
• Correction Of Errors
• Correcting Errors Step By Step
• Value Added Tax
• Accounting For Vat
• Incomplete Records
• Capital Comparison Method Step B
• Bank Account Analysis Step By St
• Interpreting Accounts
• Interpreting Accounts: Example
• Wages: Basic Principles
• Coin Analysis And Wages Book
• Stock Records And Valuation
• Encountering Deviations From Sta
• Using Spreadsheet Pages
• New Developments In Electronic B
• More Advanced Accounting

Mastering Book-Keeping

• Preface
• What Is Double Entry Book-Keeping?
  • Debit And Credit
  • The Need For Two Records
  • A Check Of Accuracy
• Opening The Books Of Account
  • Assets, Liabilities And Capital
  • Accounts As An Equation
• The Day Books
  • Recording Daily Details: Books Of Prime Entry
  • Day Books Or Journals
  • Source Documents For The Book-Keeper
  • Debit Notes
  • Book-Keeping And Confidentiality
• The Purchase Day Book
  • How To Write Up The Purchase Day Book
  • Step By Step
• The Purchase Returns Day Book
  • Returning Unwanted Goods
  • Example
• The Sales Day Book
  • A. Frazer Records His Sales
• The Sales Returns Day Book
  • When A Customer Asks For A Credit
  • Example
• The Cash Book
  • What Is The Cash Book?
  • Recording Cash And Bank Transactions
  • Source Documents
  • Entering Debits And Credits
• The Cash Book: Money Paid In
  • Cash Book Entry Step By Step
• The Cash Book: Money Paid Out
  • Posting To The Credit Page
  • Step By Step
• Disagreeing With The Bank
  • Cash Book Versus Bank Statement
  • Noting Unpresented Cheques
  • Noting Bank Lodgements
  • Automatic Payments
  • Bank Charges And Interest
  • Returned Cheques
  • Errors
• The Bank Reconciliation
• How To Prepare A Bank Reconcilation Statement
  • What You Need
  • Bank Reconciliation Step By Step
• The Petty Cash Book
  • The Petty Cash Float
  • Using The Imprest System
  • Keeping The Petty Cash Secure
  • A Helpful Analysis
  • Dual Status Of The Petty Cash Book
• How To Write Up The Petty Cash Book
  • What You Need
  • Preparation: Numbering And Dating
  • Value Added Tax (Vat)
  • Opening A New Petty Cashbook
  • Step By Step
  • Entering The Folio References
• The Journal
  • A General Purpose Record
  • Examples Of Journal Entries
  • Information Needed For An Entry
• How To Write Up The Journal
  • Using Miscellaneous Source Documents
  • Writing Up The Journal Step By Step
  • Filing Source Documents
• The Postage Book
  • Writing Up The Postage Book Step By Step
• The Ledger
  • The Firm’s Official Record
  • Divisions Of The Ledger
  • The Nominal And Personal Ledger
  • Different Accounts Within The Ledger
  • A Variety Of Forms
  • Post Only From Books Of Prime Entry
  • Recording Each Transaction Twice
• Posting To The Ledger From The Day Books
  • What You Will Need
  • Posting From The Purchase Day Book To The Ledger
  • Posting From The Purchase Returns Day Book To The Ledger
  • Posting From The Sales Day Book
  • Posting From The Sales Returns Day Book
• Posting To The Ledger From The Cash Book
  • Step By Step
  • Posting From The Petty Cash Book
• Balancing The Ledger.
  • Balancing The Ledger Step By Step
  • Completing The Folio Columns
  • Important Points To Understand
• Discounts
  • Trade Discounts
  • Early Settlement Discounts
  • Discounts And Vat
  • Prime Entry Of Discounts In The Cash Book
  • Entering Early Settlement Discounts
  • Step By Step
• Control Accounts
  • Useful Summaries
  • Subdividing The Work
  • Advantages Of Using Control Accounts
  • Source Documents For Control Accounts
• Preparing Control Accounts Step By Step
  • What You Need
  • Step By Step
  • Note On Purchase And Sales Ledger Control Accounts
• The Trial Balance
  • A Listing Of Ledger Balances
  • Summary
• How To Extract A Trial Balance
  • What You Need
  • Preparation
  • Extracting A Trial Balance Step By Step
  • The Four Column Trial Balance
• The Trial Balance: Errors
  • Errors Revealed And Errors Not Revealed
  • Errors Not Revealed
  • Errors Which Will Be Revealed By A Trial Balance
• Accruals And Prepayments
  • Adjustments To Accounts
  • Example Of Accrued Expenses
  • Wages And Rent
  • Example Of Prepayment
  • Carrying Down Accruals And Prepayments
• Revenue Accounts
  • The Trading Account And Profit And Loss Account
  • The Trading Account
  • Contribution To Overheads
  • The Profit And Loss Account
• Stock In The Final Accounts
  • Opening And Closing Stock
  • Physical Stocktake
  • Why We Need A Counter-Entry For Stock
• How To Compile Revenue Accounts
  • What You Will Need
  • Adjustments Before You Start
  • Getting The Right Balance Into The Right Accounts
• Compiling Revenue Accounts Step By Step
• The Balance Sheet
  • A Financial Snapshot
  • Management Data
  • Five Main Components Of The Balance Sheet
• Compiling A Balance Sheet Step By Step
  • Postings To Capital Account
  • Terminology
  • What You Need
  • Preparation
  • Horizontal And Vertical Formats
  • Part Of The Revenue Accounts
• Manufacturing Accounts
• Compiling A Manufacturing Account Step By Step
• Depreciation: The Straight Line Method
  • When Assets Drop In Value
  • Methods Of Calculating Depreciation
  • The Straight Line Method
• Depreciation: The Diminishing Balance Method
  • Diminishing Balance Method (Or Reducing Balance Method)
• Other Methods Of Depreciation
  • The Sum Of The Digits Method
  • The Machine Hours Method
  • The Revaluation Method
  • The Depletion Method
  • The Sinking Fund Method
  • The Sinking Fund With Endowment Policy Method
• Depreciation Step By Step
  • What You Need
  • Step By Step
  • Note
• Accounting For Bad And Doubtful Debts
  • Postings
  • Saving Tax And Being Realistic
• Accounting For Bad And Doubtful Debts Step By Step
  • Posting To ‘provision For Doubtful Debts Account’ And ‘bad Debts Account’
  • Step By Step
• Partnership Accounts
  • What Is A Partnership?
• Partnerships: Appropriation Accounts
  • What You Need
  • Preparation
• Partnership Accounts Step By Step
  • Step By Step
  • Converting Final Accounts Into Vertical Format
  • Example: Frazer And Baines
• Amalgamating Sole Proprietorships Into A Partnership
  • Consolidation
  • Making The Adjustments
  • The ‘goodwill’ Value Of Each Business
  • Writing Off Goodwill After Amalgamation
• How To Consolidate Two Balance Sheets
  • What You Need
  • Step By Step
  • Note On Depreciation
  • Example
  • New Partner Joining
  • Partner Retiring
• Limited Companies
  • Public And Private Companies
  • The Company As A ‘person’
  • Share Capital
  • Authorised Share Capital
  • Ordinary And Preference Shares
  • Debentures
• Limited Companies’ Books And Accounts
  • The Profit And Loss Appropriation Account
  • A Limited Company’s Statutory ‘books’
  • Annual Audit
  • Special Points On Company Accounts
• Format Of Company Accounts
  • Directors Duties Regarding Accounts
  • Turnover And Cost Of Sales
  • Distribution Costs
  • Administration Expenses
  • Other Operating Income
  • Directors’ Report
  • Limitations Of Published Accounts
  • Internal Accounts
• Revenue Accounts Of Limited Companies
  • A Ledger Account
  • What You Need
  • Compiling Company Final Accounts Step By Step
  • Worked Example
  • Undistributed Profit
• Balance Sheets Of Limited Companies
  • No Ledger Posting Needed
  • Compiling A Company Balance Sheet Step By Step
• Going Limited
  • Three Methods Of ‘going Limited’
  • Adjustments To The Balance Sheet
• Going Limited: Worked Example
• Club Accounts
  • Surpluses And Accumulated Funds
  • Format Of Club Accounts
• Club Accounts: Income And Expenditure
  • Preparing Final Accounts
  • What You Need
• Club Accounts Step By Step
  • Preparation
  • Bar Trading And Income And Expenditure Account Step By Step
• The Club Balance Sheet Step By Step
  • Compiling The Club Balance Sheet Step By Step
• Club Accounts: Adjustments And Subscriptions
  • End Of Year Adjustments
  • Accrued Income
  • Prepayment
  • Subscriptions
• Fixed Asset Register
  • Fixed Asset Register
• Asset Disposals
  • A Form Of Final Account
  • Closing Down Two Related Accounts
  • Three Pairs Of Postings
  • The Resulting Profit Or Loss
• Asset Disposals Step By Step
  • What You Will Need
  • Step By Step
• Correction Of Errors
  • The Right Way To Correct Errors
  • Types Of Error
• Correcting Errors Step By Step
  • Identifying Errors
  • Looking For Errors In The Trial Balance Step By Step
  • Treatment Of Minor Errors
  • Correcting Errors And Closing The Suspenses Account
• Value Added Tax
  • A Tax On Purchases
  • Vat Rates
  • Vat Records
• Accounting For Vat
  • The Prime Entries For Vat
  • Step By Step
  • Special Arrangements For Retailers
• Incomplete Records
  • ‘shoebox Jobs’
  • The Capital Comparison Method
  • Capital Comparison Method Step By Step
• Capital Comparison Method Step By Step
  • What You Need
  • Step By Step
  • Example
  • Additional Proof For The Taxman
• Bank Account Analysis Step By Step
  • What You Need
  • Step By Step
  • Finishing The Job: Drawing Up Final Accounts
• Interpreting Accounts
  • A Variety Of Needs
  • Criticism Of Accounts
  • Consistency
• Interpreting Accounts: Example
• Wages: Basic Principles
• Coin Analysis And Wages Book
  • Making Up The Wage Packets
  • Wages Book/Deduction Cards
• Stock Records And Valuation
  • Basic Records
  • Stock Valuation Methods
  • First In First Out
  • Last In First Out
  • Average Cost Method
  • Example
  • Advantages Of Fifo Method
  • Disadvantages
  • Advantages Of Lifo Method
  • Disadvantages
  • Computerising The Stock Control System
• Encountering Deviations From Standard Methods
  • The Simplex System
  • The Slip System
• Using Spreadsheet Pages
  • How It Works
  • Writing On Spreadsheet Pages
  • Adding Them Up
  • Calculating The C/D Balance
  • Configuring A Spreadsheet Page For Day Books
  • Making Things Easy For Yourself
  • Four Steps For Creating A Template
  • Speeding Up Ledger Posting
  • Automating Depreciation Calculations
  • Straight Line Method
  • Diminishing Balance Method Of Depreciation
  • Sum Of The Years (Or Sum Of The Digits) Method Of Depreciation
• New Developments In Electronic Book-Keeping
  • Advantages Of Computerised Book-Keeping Systems
• More Advanced Accounting
  • Break-Even Analysis
  • Cash Flow Projection
  • Investment Appraisal
  • Investing In Company Shares
  • Overhead Absorption